[93], The first diamond discoveries between 1866 and 1867 were alluvial, on the southern banks of the Orange River. The colony, with an estimated population of less than 400,000 in 1904[56] ceased to exist in 1910, when it was absorbed into the Union of South Africa as the Orange Free State Province. The flag of Republic of South Africa was adopted on 26 April 1994. The role of the Boer settlers was replaced by subsidised British immigrants of whom 5,000 arrived between 1849 and 1851. [52], The South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek or ZAR, not to be confused with the much later Republic of South Africa), is often referred to as The Transvaal and sometimes as the Republic of Transvaal. Another reason for Dutch-speaking white farmers trekking away from the Cape was the abolition of slavery by the British government on Emancipation Day, 1 December 1838. [86] In the battles that followed, the Orange Free State tried unsuccessfully to capture Moshoeshoe's mountain stronghold at Thaba Bosiu, while the Sotho conducted raids in Free State territories. After considerable debate, and following submissions from advocacy groups, individuals and ordinary citizens, the Parliament enacted a new Constitution and Bill of Rights in 1996. There are 3,000 census records available for the last name South African. Kaya Female | Kaya means "restful place" and is a popular Zulu name. [138] By August 1945, South African Air Force aircraft in conjunction with British and Dutch aircraft stationed in South Africa had intercepted 17 enemy ships, assisted in the rescue of 437 survivors of sunken ships, attacked 26 of the 36 enemy submarines operating the vicinity of the South African coast, and flown 15,000 coastal patrol sorties. Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1998), Findings in respect of the state and its allies: findings 82, 100 c, 100 f, 101, 102 pp. It also meant the apartheid government could no longer link apartheid and its purported legitimacy to the protection of Christian values and civilisation in the face of the rooi gevaar, meaning "red danger" or the threat of communism. Ransford, Oliver. If you wish to find out what records South African Ancestry has for a specific family or surname then please enter the relevant surname or maiden name in the relevant field below and click on "search" to see a full list of our available records. [172][173], South African security forces during the latter part of the apartheid era had a policy of destabilising neighbouring states, supporting opposition movements, conducting sabotage operations and attacking ANC bases and places of refuge for exiles in those states. This did not prevent the outbreak of a Second AngloBoer war. South African surnames. Smiths created objects of iron, copper and gold both for local decorative use and for foreign trade. Truth Commission Special Report: APLA attacks. [92], During the final campaign, Sekukuni (also spelled Sekhukhune) and members of his entourage took refuge in a mountain cave where he was cut off from food and water. Today middle names are common among people with a Catholic, Protestant, Islamic or South Asian background. It marked the beginning of nine years of British intervention in the affairs of the region, which the British named Transorange. Owners who had purchased slaves on credit or put them up as surety against loans faced financial ruin. The progenitors of the extended clan are Willem Schalk van der Merwe (born in "Broeck", probably [[Broek= Babyloninbroek], province Noord-Brabant May 1634,in Babyloninbroek (Broek) and . The National Party championed Afrikaner interests, advocating separate development for the two white groups, and independence from Britain. [147] When the war ended, the OB was one of the anti-parliamentary groups absorbed into the National Party.[148][149]. Lerato Bartle Frere then sent Lord Chelmsford to invade Zululand. [217], The immediate post-apartheid period was marked by an exodus of skilled, white South Africans amid crime related safety concerns. In 1824 a party of 25 men under British Lieutenant F G Farewell arrived from the Cape Colony and established a settlement on the northern shore of the Bay of Natal, which would later become the port of Durban, so named after Benjamin D'Urban, a governor of the Cape Colony. Ahishakiye (Rwandan origin) meaning "whenever God wants". The Portuguese mariner Bartolomeu Dias was the first European to explore the coastline of South Africa in 1488, while attempting to discover a trade route to the Far East via the southernmost cape of South Africa, which he named Cabo das Tormentas, meaning Cape of Storms. White people, who constituted 20 percent of the population, held 90 percent of the land. 469503. 6. These are the 10 most common African American surnames according to the 2000 census: Williams: Williams is a patronymic of English origin of someone with a forebear named William. [10], The descendants of the Middle Paleolithic populations are thought to be the aboriginal San and Khoikhoi tribes. His impis (warrior regiments) were rigorously disciplined: failure in battle meant death.[46]. Johnson: This surname is a patronymic of John. To Moshoeshoe the BaSotho chieftain from Lesotho, it was customary tribute in the form of horses and cattle represented acceptance of land use under his authority. He then set out on a massive programme of expansion, killing or enslaving those who resisted in the territories he conquered. BP Willan, "The South African Native Labour Contingent, 19161918". Barend-van Haeften, Marijke; Paasman, Bert: Delmas, Adrien, 'The Role of Writing in the First Steps of the Colony: A Short Enquiry in the Journal of Jan van Riebeeck, 16521662', in. The effectiveness of the police in foiling the planned coup strengthened public perceptions that the post-1994 democratic order was irreversible. Use census records and voter lists to see where families with the South African surname lived. Mani is the reduced form of the South Indian surname Subramanian. The provision of ARV treatment resulted in 100,000 fewer AIDS-related deaths in 2011 than in 2005. Retief Afrikaans Afrikaans form of Rtif. Pro-apartheid South Africans attempted to justify the Bantustan policy by citing the British government's 1947 partition of India, which they claimed was a similar situation that did not arouse international condemnation. Social Security Death Index (SSDI) for South African, Browse profiles of historical people with the South African last name, This page needs Javascript enabled in order to work properly. Freeman can also be an African American or Jewish name. [142] A number of South African fighter pilots served with distinction in the Royal Air Force during the Battle of Britain, including Group Captain Adolph "Sailor" Malan who led 74 Squadron and established a record of personally destroying 27 enemy aircraft. Origin of Surnames Throughout history humans have been known by more than one name to distinguish them from other people with the same name. Eventually, van Riebeeck and the VOC began to make indentured servants out of the Khoikhoi and the San. The territory of the South African Republic became known after this war as the Transvaal Colony.[54]. In 1688, the Dutch and the Germans were joined by French Huguenots, Calvinist Protestants fleeing religious persecution in France under its Catholic ruler, King Louis XIV. Page 1 2. Newbury (1987), p.1 citing D Hobart Houghton and Jennifer Dagut (eds). Hetherington, Penelope. [239] The government owned power utility Eskom has been plagued with corruption and mismanagement, most notability during the presidency of Jacob Zuma, which has limited its ability to resolve the crisis. A succession of wars were conducted between the Boers and the Basotho for the next 10 years. The settlers, incorrectly, believed that the Cape Colony administration had taken the money due to them as payment for freeing their slaves. In order to prevent UNITA's collapse and cement the rule of a friendly government, South Africa intervened on 23 October, sending between 1,500 and 2,000 troops from Namibia into southern Angola in order to fight the MPLA. Frere, on his own initiative, without the approval of the British government and with the intent of instigating a war with the Zulu, had presented an ultimatum on 11 December 1878, to the Zulu king Cetshwayo with which the Zulu king could not comply. Both sides adopted scorched-earth tactics, with large swathes of pasturage and cropland being destroyed. The settlement of southern Africa by the Khoisan corresponds to the earliest separation of the extant Homo sapiens populations altogether, associated in genetic science with what is described in scientific terms as matrilinear haplogroup L0 (mtDNA) and patrilinear haplogroup A (Y-DNA), originating in a northwestern area of southern Africa. Like a window into their day-to-day life, South African census records can tell you where and how . The farmers complained they could not replace the labour of their slaves without losing an excessive amount of money. On the night of 23/24 May 1842 British colonial forces attacked the Voortrekker camp at Congella. Meanwhile, the British, who viewed their defeat at Majuba as an aberration, forged ahead with their desire to federate the Southern African colonies and republics. The monarchy came to an end on 31 May 1961, replaced by a republic as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming the Republic of South Africa. -- 262 p. CS3080.S6 R6 Bibliography: p. 261-262. Wilson Center Digital Archives, International History Declassified, Inge Tvedten, Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction, SIPRI Yearbook: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. 128 km per hour in the match against England at Cape Town. "[201], The national liberation movement was divided in the early 1960s when an "Africanist" faction within the ANC objected to an alliance between the ANC and the Communist Party of South Africa. Economically, South Africa supplied two-thirds of gold production in the British Empire, with most of the remainder coming from Australia. The stat was also shown on television, which . BP Willan, "The South African Native Labour Contingent, 19161918", Bill Nasson, "A Great Divide: Popular Responses to the Great War in South Africa,", Russell Ally, "War and goldthe Bank of England, the London gold market and South Africa's gold, 191419,", Susan Mathieson and David Atwell, "Between Ethnicity and Nationhood: Shaka Day and the Struggle over Zuluness in post-Apartheid South Africa" in, Mark Swilling & Mark Phillips, "State power in the 1980s: from total strategy to counter revolutionary warfare", in Jacklyn Cock & Laurie Nathan (eds). Abeba The commission charged by agents was the same as the payment for one slave, thus those settlers only claiming for one slave would receive nothing. The independent Boer republic of Orange Free State evolved from colonial Britain's Orange River Sovereignty, enforced by the presence of British troops, which lasted from 1848 to 1854 in the territory between the Orange and Vaal rivers, named Transorange. One of our 3 capital cities is also . Information department, Government of Lesotho. Abebe - Origin: Ethiopian. Paul Kruger, one of the leaders of the uprising, became President of the ZAR in 1883. The government declared martial law on 14 October 1914, and forces loyal to the government under the command of generals Louis Botha and Jan Smuts defeated the rebellion. (2014). The trek of the Griquas to escape the influence of the Cape Colony has been described as "one of the great epics of the 19th century. [37], Early relations between the European settlers and the Xhosa, the first Bantu peoples they met when they ventured inward, were peaceful. Disciplined: failure in battle meant death. [ 46 ] on credit or them. 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