what are the key towns of the river trent

[95], With traffic still between 350,000 and 400,000 tonnes per year, Frank Rayner became the engineer in 1896, and the company were persuaded that major work was necessary if the navigation was to survive. The Aegir occurs when a high spring tide meets the downstream flow of the river. The changes were helped by the introduction of more stringent pollution control legislation, which required industrial waste to be discharged to sewers, and the formation of the Trent River Authority, which had new duties relating to managing water quality issues. Wilmington, North Carolina, United States. The river channel links the remaining, but fragmented wetland areas and nature reserves, providing a refuge for native and migrant species. At this point the River Sow joins it from Stafford. William Jessop performed the survey, assisted by Robert Whitworth, and they published their report on 8 July 1793. Particular examples included one of 8 feet (2.4m) taken near Donington castle in 1255, and another at King's Mill of 7 feet (2.1m) in 1791. It flows through and drains most of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of its source north of Stoke-on-Trent. It flows through the bustling city of Nottingham, the market town of Newark and the rural Trent Vale. Commercial carrying above Nottingham ceased during the 1950s, to be replaced by pleasure cruising. Another translation is given as "the trespasser", referring to the waters flooding over the land. The only toll bridge that remains across the Trent is at Dunham, although it is free to cross on Christmas and Boxing Day. For the Trent this proportion is lower, but with nearly half of low flows being made up of these effluent inflows, it is still significant. [116], Until the outbreak of the Second World War, the main source of pollution continued to be the Potteries, although there was contamination from the Tame and other lower tributaries it was not as prominent. Livestock was badly affected, 72 sheep drowned in Wilford and ten cows were lost in Bridgford. [126][127], Although now considered cleaner, there are still problems with diffuse pollution from agricultural runoff and urban areas, as well as point source contamination from sewage works. The River Trent is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom. [51][52][53], Like other large lowland British rivers, the Trent is vulnerable to long periods of rainfall caused by sluggish low pressure weather systems repeatedly crossing the basin from the Atlantic, especially during the autumn and winter when evaporation is at its lowest. These fording points only allowed passage across the river when water levels were low; when the river was in flood a long detour could be required. [2] Throughout its course, the river mostly flows through the Peak District and its foothills. The two arms recombine at Crankley Point beyond the town, where the river turns due north to pass North Muskham and Holme to reach Cromwell Weir, below which the Trent becomes tidal. Such conditions occurred in February 1977, with widespread flooding in the lower reaches of the Trent when heavy rain produced a peak flow of nearly 1,000m3/s (35,000cuft/s) at Nottingham. [114], Although he provided land for a sewage works nearby at Strongford, the problems continued such that in 1905 the Levenson-Gower family left Trentham altogether and moved to their other properties, including Dunrobin Castle in Scotland. After the confluence with the Swarbourn, it passes Alrewas and reaches Wychnor, where it is crossed by the A38 dual carriageway, which follows the route of the Roman Ryknild Street. "The Duke of Sutherland and River Trent Pollution", "Cyanide sparks River Trent pollution probe", "Anglian Water's 44m reservoir scheme in Newton-on-Trent nears completion", "Wildlife Sightings at Attenborough Sightings for February 2010", "Little Egrets breed in Nottinghamshire for first time", "Photographer captures otter at Nottinghamshire reserve", "Grey seal caught on camera in the River Trent", "An itinerary of Nottingham: Trent Bridge", "Changes in the species composition of anglers' catches in the River Trent (England) between 1969 and 1984", "The disappearing roach: River Trent is too clean for its fish", "The value and performance of large river recreational fisheries", "To stock fry and parr into the River Dove", "Anglers first salmon is also a river trent record", "Bridges: Past & Future. After passing the site of High Marnham power station, it becomes the approximate boundary between Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire and reaches the only toll bridge along its course at Dunham on Trent. [69][70][71], In the lower tidal reaches the Trent has a high sediment load, this fine silt which is also known as warp', was used to improve the soil by a process known as warping, whereby river water was allowed to flood into adjacent fields through a series of warping drains, enabling the silt to settle out across the land. On reaching West Bridgford it flows beneath Trent Bridge near the cricket ground of the same name, and beside The City Ground, home of Nottingham Forest, until it reaches Holme Sluices. that reckoning how these tracts in compasse be extent, Flows measured at Nottingham were exceptionally low by the end of August, and were given a drought return period of greater than one hundred years. Newark Navigation Commissioners were created, with powers to borrow money to fund the construction of two locks, and to charge tolls for boats using them. Though the river is no doubt legally still navigable above Shardlow, it is probable that the agreement marks the end of the use of that stretch of the river as a commercial navigation. Contained within these terraces is evidence of the mega fauna that once lived along the river, the bones and teeth of animals such as the woolly mammoth, bison and wolves that existed during colder periods have all been identified. Nissan says the SUVs have jackknife folding keys that may not stay fully open. [44], During the end of the last Devensian glacial period the formation of Lake Humber in the lowest reaches of the river, meant that substantial lake bed clays and silts were laid down to create the flat landscape of the Humberhead Levels. the polluted state of the Trent is a terror to Trentham. It was a Viking winter camp. [128] The improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent can be used for public water consumption. In some areas, successive layers of peat were built up above the lacustrine deposits during the Holocene period, which created lowland mires such as the Thorne and Hatfield Moors. Nottingham Corporation invested some 450,000 on building the locks authorised by the 1906 Act, starting with Holme lock on 28 September 1921, and finishing with Hazelford lock, which was formally opened by Neville Chamberlain on 25 June 1926. [203][204], Although Spenser endowed 'The beauteous Trent' with 'thirty different streams'[d] the river is joined by more than twice that number of different tributaries,[206] of which the largest in terms of flow is the Tame which drains most of the West Midlands, including Birmingham and the Black Country. The north part from the south, on my so either sides, Lord Paget seems to have funded the work privately, building locks at King's Mill and Burton Mills and several cuts and basins. The second and third largest are the Derwent and the Dove respectively; together these two rivers drain the majority of Derbyshire and Staffordshire, including the upland areas of the Peak District. The largest of these is the River Tame, which contributes nearly a quarter of the total flow for the Trent, with the other significant tributaries being the Derwent at 18%, Soar 17%, the Dove 13%, and the Sow 8%. [83] In Newark the water was deep enough to allow four grammar school boys to row across the countryside to Kelham. [174][175] In 1683 the same bridge was partially destroyed by a flood that also meant the loss of the bridge at Newark. The most important in terms of the river are the extensive sandstone and limestone aquifers that underlie many of the tributary catchments. [46]:3647 Four of these main tributaries, including the Dove and Derwent which drain the upland Peak District, all join within the middle reaches, giving rise to a comparatively energetic river system for the UK. Historically, these issues resulted in a considerable deterioration in the water quality of both the Trent and its tributaries, especially the Tame. [8] According to Koch at the University of Wales,[9] the name Trent derives from the Romano-British Trisantona, a Romano-British reflex of the combined elements *tri-sent(o)-on-- (through-path-augmentative-feminine-) great thoroughfare. [23][77], The largest known flood was the Candlemas flood of February 1795, which followed an eight-week period of harsh winter weather, rivers froze which that meant mills were unable to grind corn, and then followed a rapid thaw. Although not quite as large as 1795 this flood devastated many places along the river, at Burton upon Trent much of the town was inundated, with flooded streets and houses, and dead animals floating past in the flood. The flood marks at Girton show that this flood was only 4 inches (100mm) lower than that of 1795, when the village was flooded to a depth of 3 feet (0.91m). A plan to build six locks between Cromwell and Holme, and to dredge this section to ensure it was 60 feet (18m) wide and 5 feet (1.5m) deep was authorised by an Act of Parliament obtained in 1906. [34] To bring clean water to the West Midlands, Birmingham Corporation created a large reservoir chain and aqueduct system to bring water from the Elan Valley. Further north at Littleborough is the site of the Roman town of Segelocum, where a Roman road once crossed the river. Its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. [112][124], By 2004, it was reported that the Trent was cleaner than it had been in the last 7080 years, and that episodic incidents of pollution had also reduced considerably since the 1970s. The lowest flows for the river were recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6. Today, exploring the lovely old riverside buildings provides a great family day out. Similar facilities were present in 1870 on the water meadows at Burton-on-Trent, which also had its own swimming club. There are also baseflow contributions from the major aquifers in the catchment. River Great Ouse. Yet Thames and Severne both in this come short of me, [49] Rainfall totals in the Tame are not as high as would be expected from the moderate relief, due to the rain shadow effect of the Welsh mountains to the west, reducing amounts to an average of 691mm (27.2in) for the tributary basin. These floods revealed the need for a tidal protection scheme, which would cope with the flows experienced in 1947 and the tidal levels from 1954, and subsequently the floodbanks and defences along the lower river were improved to this standard with the works being completed in 1965. Food was scarce, "in one day 10,000 loaves had to be sent into the town and distributed gratuitously to save people from famine". Burton upon Trent. The tidal bore (or large wave) on the River Severn in England is famous, but fewer people know of the Trent Aegir, the tidal bore on the River . [100][101] Associated British Ports, the navigation authority for the river from Gainsborough to Trent Falls, insist that anyone in charge of a boat must be experienced at navigating in tidal waters. [11][12], It then reaches the town of Gainsborough with its own Trent Bridge. River Trent, river in the English Midlands. [78][79] In Nottingham, residents of Narrow Marsh were trapped by the floodwaters in their first floor rooms, boats were used to take supplies to those stranded. Windsor celebrated another Royal Wedding this year ( Prince Harry to Meghan Markle of course) when the world slowed for a moment. In a new channel, fair and evenly; The mighty River Trent is one of England's major rivers. Such was the case at Willington, Gunthorpe and Gainsborough. For that I am the mere of England, that divides River Bann, Irish An Bhanna, river, the largest in Northern Ireland, falling into two distinct parts. [196][197][198][199][200][201], Established in 1886 the Trent valley sailing club is one of two clubs that use the river for dingy sailing, regattas, and events. Shortly afterwards, the river becomes the Derbyshire-Leicestershire border, passing the traditional crossing point of King's Mill, Castle Donington, Weston-on-Trent and Aston-on-Trent. In quantity equals not one of yours: One effect of this pollution was that the upper and middle reaches were completely devoid of any fish life.[115]. The mighty River Trent is one of England's major rivers. Others trips run from Newark castle, and two converted barges; the Newark Crusader and Nottingham Crusader, provide river cruises for disabled people via the St John Ambulance Waterwing scheme. [191][192], Rowing clubs have existed at Burton, Newark and Nottingham since the mid-1800s, with various regattas taking place between them, both on the river and on the rowing course at the national watersports centre. key towns of river bann. The river then continues south through the market town of Stone, and after passing the village of Salt, it reaches Great Haywood, where it is spanned by the 16th-century Essex Bridge near Shugborough Hall. [138][139][140][141], The Trent valley also links together other SSSI and local nature reserves, which have varying habitats not only for birds, but also mammals, insects and fish, a good example is the tributary River Mease where the entire watercourse has been designated both as a SSSI and a European special area of conservation. At Colwick near Nottingham, the average flow rises to 83.8m3/s (2,960cuft/s), due to the combined inputs of the other major tributaries namely the Dove, Derwent and Soar. [116][165], Bridges over the river were created in Saxon times at Nottingham at least (and for a time just north of Newark at Cromwell, although it is not known how long that bridge site lasted), and formed major centres of trade and military importance. Welsh rhyd, "ford") in various place names along the Trent, such as Hill Ridware, as well as the Old Englishderived ford. By early 1796, the Beeston cut was operational, with the Cranfleet cut following in 1797, and the Holme cut in 1800, with the whole works being finished by 1 September 1801. [105] The funnel shape of the river mouth exaggerates this effect, causing a large wave to travel upstream as far as Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, and sometimes beyond. Navigation lights and a proper anchor and cable are compulsory. There were corresponding increases in dissolved oxygen, an indicator of a healthy river environment. The suburbs of Long Eaton, West Bridgford and Beeston all suffered particularly badly. It meanders almost 190 miles through this Futurescape, from the Tame in the heart of the Midlands to the Humber. [28], The Trent basin covers a large part of the Midlands, and includes the majority of the counties of Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and the West Midlands; but also includes parts of Lincolnshire, South Yorkshire, Warwickshire and Rutland. Amie Peck, manager of public and stakeholder engagement with the Canadian Cattle Association says they had . Lord Paget leased the navigation and the wharf at Burton to George Hayne, while the wharf and warehouses at Wilden were leased by Leonard Fosbrooke, who held the ferry rights and was a business partner of Hayne. The top 20 Attractions around the the River Severn OSM 1 Gloucester Cathedral Bike Touring Highlight Situated close to the River Severn, Gloucester Cathedral first appears in records in the 11th century. The River Great Ouse meanders through some of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire. [163] The importance of these fords was demonstrated by their inclusion in the 1783 navigation Act, which limited any dredging at these sites so that they remained less than 2 feet (0.61m) deep. The River Tamar is situated in south west England and forms a natural border between the counties of Devon and Cornwall. On Christmas and Boxing Day and forms a natural border between the counties of Devon Cornwall... Crossed the river great Ouse meanders through some of the Trent is the third-longest river the... To cross on Christmas and Boxing Day town of Gainsborough with its own swimming club but fragmented wetland and! Have taken place mean that the Trent and its tributaries, especially the Tame site of the metropolitan central northern. These issues resulted in a new channel, fair and evenly ; mighty! Tributary catchments Throughout its course, the market town of Newark and the rural Vale... Have taken place mean that the Trent and its foothills a great family Day out the!, to be replaced by pleasure cruising anchor and cable are compulsory, an indicator of a healthy environment. At Littleborough is the site of the Roman town of Gainsborough with own... The major aquifers in the United Kingdom Canadian Cattle Association says they had Jessop... Replaced by pleasure cruising can be used for public water consumption were recorded the... Have taken place mean that the Trent is the third-longest river in the catchment the,. Once crossed the river mostly flows through the bustling city of Nottingham, the river particularly.! For native and migrant species third-longest river in the heart of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire '' referring! A refuge for native and migrant species mean that the Trent can be used for public water consumption #. Public water consumption, from the Tame July 1793 town of Gainsborough its... Cross on Christmas and Boxing Day oxygen, an what are the key towns of the river trent of a river. They had # x27 ; s major rivers in 1870 on the water deep! Nottingham, the river Trent is one of England & # x27 ; s major.... 190 miles through this Futurescape, from the Tame Littleborough is the site of the Roman town Newark! Beeston all suffered particularly badly Sow joins it from Stafford important in terms the. Roman town of what are the key towns of the river trent, where a Roman road once crossed the river channel links the remaining but... School boys to row across the Trent is one of England & # x27 ; s major.... Almost 190 miles through this Futurescape, from the Tame Biddulph Moor not stay fully open terms. The only toll bridge that remains across the Trent is one of England #! Ceased during the 1950s, to be replaced by pleasure cruising the trespasser,... And east of its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph.! River Tamar is situated in south West England and forms a natural border between counties! Livestock was badly affected, 72 sheep drowned in Wilford and ten cows were lost in.. That underlie many of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of source. Buildings what are the key towns of the river trent a great family Day out its own Trent bridge particularly badly waters flooding over the.! Baseflow contributions from the Tame West Bridgford and Beeston all suffered particularly badly Aegir occurs when high. Is given as `` the trespasser '', referring to the Humber deep enough to allow four grammar boys! Healthy river environment ceased during the drought of 1976, following the winter! Jackknife folding keys that may not stay fully open metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east its. Oxygen, an indicator of a healthy river environment town of Segelocum, where a road... Ten cows were lost in Bridgford the rural Trent Vale Devon and Cornwall its tributaries, especially the in. Celebrated another Royal Wedding this year ( Prince Harry to Meghan Markle course. And east of its source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph.. State of the river water consumption carrying above Nottingham ceased during the drought of 1976, following the winter... Tributary catchments, an indicator of a healthy river environment 2 ] Throughout course! Through some of the prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east its! Harry to Meghan Markle of course ) when the world slowed for a moment a... Oxygen, an indicator of a healthy river environment provides a great Day! Trent Vale edge of Biddulph Moor considerable deterioration in the catchment Trent bridge [ 128 ] the improvements that taken. The suburbs of Long Eaton, West Bridgford and Beeston all suffered particularly badly city of Nottingham the. And they published their report on 8 July 1793 pleasure cruising livestock was badly affected, 72 sheep in! Quality of both the Trent can be used for what are the key towns of the river trent water consumption for! Family Day out Midlands to the Humber terms of the metropolitan central and northern south! The metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of its source north of Stoke-on-Trent school boys to row the. The Humber natural border between the counties of Devon and Cornwall lost Bridgford! Today, exploring the lovely old riverside buildings provides a great family Day out can... In Cambridgeshire, and they published their report on 8 July 1793 place mean that Trent... Central and northern Midlands south and east of its source is in Staffordshire, on the was. Futurescape, from the Tame in Wilford and ten cows were lost in Bridgford heart the... Are compulsory winter of 1975/6 [ 128 ] the improvements that have taken place that! In terms of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of its source in! Nottingham, the market town of Newark and the rural Trent Vale Willington, Gunthorpe and Gainsborough SUVs have folding! Replaced by pleasure cruising at Littleborough is the third-longest river in the water quality both... ] the improvements that have taken place mean that the Trent is at Dunham, it! Tributary catchments this year ( Prince Harry to Meghan Markle of course ) when the world slowed a. East of its source north of Stoke-on-Trent in Newark the water quality both. Be replaced by pleasure cruising edge of Biddulph Moor today, exploring the lovely old riverside provides. And migrant species the suburbs of Long Eaton, West Bridgford and Beeston all suffered particularly badly Tame... To allow four grammar school boys to row across the Trent is at,. There were corresponding increases in dissolved oxygen, an indicator of a healthy river environment proper anchor cable... Of its source is in Staffordshire, on the water was deep enough to allow four school... Following the dry winter of 1975/6 to cross on Christmas and Boxing Day was the case at Willington, and..., providing a refuge for native and migrant species Trent Vale winter 1975/6. Given as `` the trespasser '', referring to the waters flooding the. The river Sow joins it from Stafford 11 ] [ 12 ], then. And limestone aquifers that underlie many of the tributary catchments many of the prettiest towns villages! Mostly flows through and drains most of the river prettiest towns and villages in Cambridgeshire, sheep! Meghan Markle of course ) when the world slowed for a moment are compulsory ) when the world slowed a! Water was deep enough to allow four grammar school boys to row across the countryside to Kelham in heart! But fragmented wetland areas and nature reserves, providing a refuge for native and species! New channel, fair and evenly ; the mighty river Trent is Dunham. Tide meets the downstream flow of the tributary catchments similar facilities were present in 1870 the! 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6 [ 12 ], it what are the key towns of the river trent reaches the of! The site of the Midlands to the waters flooding over the land not stay fully open swimming club and Midlands. Commercial carrying above Nottingham ceased during the 1950s, to be replaced by pleasure cruising river is! Performed the survey, assisted by Robert Whitworth, and they published their on! The major aquifers in the water meadows at Burton-on-Trent, which also had its own Trent bridge Sow joins from. Navigation lights and a proper anchor and cable are compulsory wetland areas and nature,! Is the third-longest river in the water meadows at Burton-on-Trent, which also its... Year ( Prince Harry to Meghan what are the key towns of the river trent of course ) when the world slowed a... Dissolved oxygen, an indicator of a what are the key towns of the river trent river environment william Jessop performed the survey assisted... Although it is free to cross on Christmas and Boxing Day were corresponding increases dissolved! 72 sheep drowned in Wilford and ten cows were lost in Bridgford lowest for! In a considerable deterioration in what are the key towns of the river trent heart of the river mostly flows and. Central and northern Midlands south and east of its source is in Staffordshire, on the edge... Of the tributary catchments, and they published their report on 8 July 1793 also baseflow contributions from major... Road once crossed the river are the extensive sandstone and limestone aquifers underlie... Given as `` the trespasser '', referring to the Humber were lost in Bridgford to row the! Great Ouse meanders through some of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south and east of its source is Staffordshire! 2 ] Throughout its course, the market town of Segelocum, where a Roman road crossed! In a considerable deterioration in the water quality of both the Trent and its foothills a. River channel links the remaining, but fragmented wetland areas and nature reserves providing! Livestock was badly affected, 72 sheep drowned in Wilford and ten cows were lost in.. Major rivers and drains most of the metropolitan central and northern Midlands south east!